Antenna Parameters
Antenna Parameters
The antennas are the starting point of the broadcasting system.
Antennas form the basic device for the working of radios and
televisions. They are also used in areas like radar and space
communication, under water operations and even for under ground tasks.
However, it is necessary to check the functionality of the antennas on
the basis of certain parameters.
Testing Terms
Antennas convert radio frequency electrical currents into
electromagnetic waves to transmit audio and visual data. The antennas
are basically electrical conductors that transmit these waves. The
antennas have the capacity to generate an electromagnetic field that
stimulates voltage between its terminals along with alternating
current. To ensure that the antennas perform at their peak there are
certain parameters that need to be fulfilled. The significant
parameters include resonant frequency, gain, aperture, impedance and
bandwidth. The parameters are as follows:
1) Bandwidth: The
bandwidth of an antenna refers to the range of frequency or the rate at
which data can be communicated through any media channels. The range of
bandwidth frequency revolves around the resonant frequency. Increasing
the bandwidth leads to better transmission of waves. This size can be
increased with the help of thicker wires, narrowing components of the
antenna and also by merging more than one antenna into a single
assembly.
2) Radiation Pattern: The
radiation pattern refers to a diagrammatical representation of field
over which the antenna is active. The antennas require a large number
of curves for description as they radiate in space. One graph is
adequate to in cases when the antenna is symmetrical around the axis.
The graphs of the radiation pattern can be drawn with the help of
Cartesian co-ordinates or a plot. The resonance pattern refers to the
locus of all the points where the power is same.
3) Polarization: Polarization
mainly refers to the orientation of the electric field of the antenna.
The polarizations differ according to the position of the antennas.
There is a feature known as polarization filter, which removes unwanted
polarization and transmit waves that have the desired polarization.
4) Efficiency: The
efficiency of the antenna describes the actual performance and use of
the antenna. It is measured by examining the ratio of the power emitted
to the amount of power inserted in the terminals of the antenna.
These are some of the basic parameters of an antenna. For the antenna
to perform at the optimum levels, these factors must work at the best
of the abilities.
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